Top 10 Steel Producing Countries In the World
From the bronze age to the iron age, metals have been part of human history. Steel is the foundation of a nation’s development. Made up primarily of iron ore, steel is an alloy which also includes less than 2% carbon and 1% manganese and other trace elements. Production of steel is starts with the mining of iron ore, then ore is smelted in blast furnaces to facilitate the removal of impurities and carbon. Production of steel was a complicated before the invention of the Bessemer process. The Bessemer process is developed by Sir Henry Bessemer. This process uses strong blasts of air to pass through pig iron when molten to lessen its carbon element and subsequently produce steel. Steel emerged as an alternative to standard traditional iron, due to its flexibility, durability, and malleability. Steel is one of the world’s most versatile materials. However, steel’s true strength lies in its infinite recyclability with no loss of quality. The more than 3,500 grades of steel in use today categorized broadly into Stainless Steel, Alloy Steel, Tool Steel, and Carbon Steel.
In 2020, world crude steel production was 1877.5 million tonnes. The biggest steel producing country is currently China, which accounted for 57% of world steel production. China produced 831 million metric tons of crude steel. Asia produced 1,314.6 Mt of crude steel, about 70% of all crude steel produced that year. The top steel producing countries are China, Japan, India, US, Russia, South Korea, Germany, Brazil, Turkey, and Ukraine. While China and Japan are the top exporters of steel, the United States and Germany are the leaders for imports because of their economies' high consumption rates. Steel is a major component for buildings, tools, automobiles, trains, appliances, infrastructure, and weapons. Bridges, skyscrapers, cars and trains, and home kitchen products all contain steel to some extent in their construction. It is used to building kits for barns, carports, garages, shops, storage sheds, and storage buildings Kits. Also steel industry’s co-products can be used in other manufacturing or electricity generation.
In 2020, world crude steel production was 1877.5 million tonnes. The biggest steel producing country is currently China, which accounted for 57% of world steel production. China produced 831 million metric tons of crude steel. Asia produced 1,314.6 Mt of crude steel, about 70% of all crude steel produced that year. The top steel producing countries are China, Japan, India, US, Russia, South Korea, Germany, Brazil, Turkey, and Ukraine. While China and Japan are the top exporters of steel, the United States and Germany are the leaders for imports because of their economies' high consumption rates. Steel is a major component for buildings, tools, automobiles, trains, appliances, infrastructure, and weapons. Bridges, skyscrapers, cars and trains, and home kitchen products all contain steel to some extent in their construction. It is used to building kits for barns, carports, garages, shops, storage sheds, and storage buildings Kits. Also steel industry’s co-products can be used in other manufacturing or electricity generation.
Scroll through to see all Top 10 Steel Producing Countries In the World :-
10. Iran :-
Iran produced around 29 million tons of steel in 2020. More than nine million tons of ingots have been produced in Iran. The iron and steel industry is the most energy-intensive sector in Iran's economy. The steel sector has a significant role in the job market and about 200,000 people are directly involved in the steel industry.
Mobarakeh Steel Company is the biggest steel producer in the Middle East. It is located in southwestern Isfahan. Mobarakeh Steel Company produced 7.21 million tons of semi-finished products. The steelmaker also produced 5.77 million tons of finished steel during the same period. MSC was followed by Khuzestan Steel Company with 2.42 million tons of output. The export of iron and its alloys amounted to about $4.3 billion.
The steel industry in Brazil produced 37 million metric tons of finished and semi-finished products. Flat-rolled products represented more than 42 per cent of the industry's output in Brazil that year. Brazilian steel industry generates over BRL 45 billion for the country. The sector by itself is responsible for more than 110,000 jobs in Brazil. Today, Brazil has 29 steel mills, operated by 11 company groups and is considered the largest producer of this alloy in Latin America. The companies that contribute to the Brazilian steel industry are Aperam, ArcelorMittal Brasil, CSN, Gerdau, Sinobras, Thyssenkrupp CSA, Usiminas, VSB Tubos, V&M do Brasil, Villares Metals, Votorantim.
ArcelorMittal Brazil is the largest steel producer in the country, with an installed capacity of over 12.5 million tonnes/year. With industrial plants in six states, the company employs about 17,000 people. Brazil is currently ranked as the fifth-largest net exporter of steel in the world. Brazil exported 6.9 million metric tons of steel. Brazil’s exports represented about 3 per cent of all steel exported globally. Brazil exports steel to more than 110 countries and territories. The United States was the largest market for Brazil’s exports with 41 per cent, followed by Turkey at 8 per cent, and Germany at 6 per cent.
The German steel industry produces approximately 40 million tonnes of crude steel in Germany every year. Germany is one of the world’s leading manufacturers of steel, with production concentrated in the Ruhr region. Over 35% of total industrial value creation in Germany is based on steel. It serves the demands of the most important German industries such as automotive, machine-building and construction. Around 90,000 people work in the steel industry in Germany. There are about 3.5 million additional jobs connected to the production of steel; these comprise delivery and further processing.
Turkey is the largest steel producer in Europe and the seventh-largest in the world. The Turkish steel industry produced approximately 42 million tonnes of crude steel in 2021. All steel companies in the country are privately held. The steel industry counts as the fourth largest contributor to the Turkish economy.
Today Turkey has 26 electric arc furnace mill plants, 8 induction furnace plants and its 3 BOF plants, with a capacity range from 200,000 to 5 million tonnes, and its 3 BOF plants have capacities ranging from 1.5 to 3.5 million tonnes. Turkey exports steel to primarily neighbouring countries such as Iran, Iraq and North African countries. Turkey generates $17.5 billion in revenue from these exports.
Approximately 67.1 million tons of crude steel were produced in South Korea. The steel industry was one of South Korea's major economic sectors. The GDP of the steel industry is marking 1.5% of the entire industry and 4.9% of the manufacturing industry. POSCO and Hyundai Steel Co. are the largest producers in the country.
South Korea is the world’s third-largest steel exporter with 30.9 million metric tons. South Korea’s exports represented about 7 per cent of all steel exported globally. The steel export has increased to USD$27.7 billion, accounting for 5.8% in export of the entire industry in Korea. South Korea exports steel to the United States, China and Japan.
Approximately 70 million tons of crude steel were produced in Russia. The country's largest steelmakers were Novolipetsk Steel, Evraz, Magnitogorsk Iron & Steel Works, and Severstal.
Novolipetsk Steel is the leading steel company in Russia, has produced 15.75 million metric tons of steel. While Evraz produced approximately 13.6 million metric tons. Mechel is Russia’s top producer of speciality steels and alloys with the widest product range and is Russia’s second-largest manufacturer of long rolls.
The country has more than 20 steel plants, most of which are based on electric and blast furnaces. Roughly two-thirds of steel produced in Russia is obtained using the basic oxygen furnace. Russia is the fourth-leading exporting market of steel and steel scrap worldwide. The total value of iron and steel exports from the country reached approximately 16 billion U.S. dollars. Semi-finished and flat product exports were the highest, at nearly 5.05 billion and 4.15 billion U.S. dollars respectively.
Around 72 million metric tons of steel was produced in the United States. Today, the U.S. steel industry comprises approximately 100 supply and production facilities. Around 149,000 people were employed in iron and steel mills, and 69,000 in foundries. About 0.3% of the US population is employed by the steel industry. The U.S. steel industry produced a projected 91 billion U.S. dollars in 2020. Most iron and steel in the United States is now made from iron and steel scrap, rather than iron ore. Electric arc furnaces were the most popular, amounting to 70 per cent of the total steel production.
The highest geographic concentration of mills is in the Great Lakes region, including Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Michigan, and New York. Around 51 companies operating in the raw steel production market in the country. Major steel-makers in the United States are ArcelorMittal USA, AK Steel, Carpenter Technology, Commercial Metals Company, Nucor, Steel Dynamics, and U.S. Steel. One of the largest steel producers in the United States is the North Carolina-based Nucor Corporation. Nucor produced around 25.49 million metric tons of crude steel.
Approximately 99 million tons of crude steel were produced in Japan. Japan is among the leading regions worldwide producing crude steel, accounting for around 5.4 per cent of the global crude steel production volume. The Japanese steel industry has a total capacity of 130 Mtpy. The steel industry produces iron and steel products from ore and scrap iron. Around 4,048 companies are operating in the Japanese iron and steel industry. Nippon Steel is Japan’s largest producer accounting for more than 50% of the country’s crude steel output.
The steel industry operates rolling mills, blast furnaces and other industrial facilities. Of the overall crude steel output, 75% of its steel production comes from the basic oxygen furnace route. Conventional blast furnaces contributed 5.83 million mt. While Electric arc furnaces accounted for 2.21 million mt. The Japanese steel industry is highly dependent on exports. Japan is the world’s second-largest steel exporter after China. Japan is more reliant on exports with a net export ratio of 25%.
India is currently the world’s 2nd largest producer of crude steel, producing 111 million tonnes of crude steel. India is also the 2nd largest consumer of finished steel following China. The iron and steel industry in India is among the most important industries within the country. The industry produced 82.68 million tons of total finished steel and 9.7 million tons of raw iron. Most iron and steel in India is produced from iron ore. There are more than 50 iron and steel industries in India.
The production of crude steel and finished steel stood a 102.49 MT and 94.66 MT, respectively. India was the world’s second-largest producer of crude steel, with an output of 9.8 MT. The growth in the Indian steel sector has been driven by the domestic availability of raw materials such as iron ore and cost-effective labour. The steel sector has been a major contributor to India’s manufacturing output. The Indian steel industry is modern with state-of-the-art steel mills.
China is the world's largest producer of steel with a crude steel production volume of nearly 996 million metric tons and it is also the world's largest consumer of the material. The steel industry in China has been propelled by the rapid modernisation of its economy, construction, infrastructure and manufacturing industries. Chinese steel output is largely located along its North Eastern seacoast.
China currently has 24 steel companies that have crude steel production capacity surpassing 10 million mt/year. Around six of the world’s largest steel companies were Chinese, some of them are government-owned, and China accounted for 51.3 per cent of global steel production. Shagang's crude steel capacity is estimated to be over 44 million mt/year. Anshan Iron & Steel is the second-largest steelmaker in China and the third-largest globally with its crude steel capacity of over 55 million mt/year.
Mobarakeh Steel Company is the biggest steel producer in the Middle East. It is located in southwestern Isfahan. Mobarakeh Steel Company produced 7.21 million tons of semi-finished products. The steelmaker also produced 5.77 million tons of finished steel during the same period. MSC was followed by Khuzestan Steel Company with 2.42 million tons of output. The export of iron and its alloys amounted to about $4.3 billion.
9. Brazil :-
The steel industry in Brazil produced 37 million metric tons of finished and semi-finished products. Flat-rolled products represented more than 42 per cent of the industry's output in Brazil that year. Brazilian steel industry generates over BRL 45 billion for the country. The sector by itself is responsible for more than 110,000 jobs in Brazil. Today, Brazil has 29 steel mills, operated by 11 company groups and is considered the largest producer of this alloy in Latin America. The companies that contribute to the Brazilian steel industry are Aperam, ArcelorMittal Brasil, CSN, Gerdau, Sinobras, Thyssenkrupp CSA, Usiminas, VSB Tubos, V&M do Brasil, Villares Metals, Votorantim.
ArcelorMittal Brazil is the largest steel producer in the country, with an installed capacity of over 12.5 million tonnes/year. With industrial plants in six states, the company employs about 17,000 people. Brazil is currently ranked as the fifth-largest net exporter of steel in the world. Brazil exported 6.9 million metric tons of steel. Brazil’s exports represented about 3 per cent of all steel exported globally. Brazil exports steel to more than 110 countries and territories. The United States was the largest market for Brazil’s exports with 41 per cent, followed by Turkey at 8 per cent, and Germany at 6 per cent.
8. Germany :-
The German steel industry produces approximately 40 million tonnes of crude steel in Germany every year. Germany is one of the world’s leading manufacturers of steel, with production concentrated in the Ruhr region. Over 35% of total industrial value creation in Germany is based on steel. It serves the demands of the most important German industries such as automotive, machine-building and construction. Around 90,000 people work in the steel industry in Germany. There are about 3.5 million additional jobs connected to the production of steel; these comprise delivery and further processing.
7. Turkey :-
Turkey is the largest steel producer in Europe and the seventh-largest in the world. The Turkish steel industry produced approximately 42 million tonnes of crude steel in 2021. All steel companies in the country are privately held. The steel industry counts as the fourth largest contributor to the Turkish economy.
Today Turkey has 26 electric arc furnace mill plants, 8 induction furnace plants and its 3 BOF plants, with a capacity range from 200,000 to 5 million tonnes, and its 3 BOF plants have capacities ranging from 1.5 to 3.5 million tonnes. Turkey exports steel to primarily neighbouring countries such as Iran, Iraq and North African countries. Turkey generates $17.5 billion in revenue from these exports.
6. South Korea :-
Approximately 67.1 million tons of crude steel were produced in South Korea. The steel industry was one of South Korea's major economic sectors. The GDP of the steel industry is marking 1.5% of the entire industry and 4.9% of the manufacturing industry. POSCO and Hyundai Steel Co. are the largest producers in the country.
South Korea is the world’s third-largest steel exporter with 30.9 million metric tons. South Korea’s exports represented about 7 per cent of all steel exported globally. The steel export has increased to USD$27.7 billion, accounting for 5.8% in export of the entire industry in Korea. South Korea exports steel to the United States, China and Japan.
5. Russia :-
Approximately 70 million tons of crude steel were produced in Russia. The country's largest steelmakers were Novolipetsk Steel, Evraz, Magnitogorsk Iron & Steel Works, and Severstal.
Novolipetsk Steel is the leading steel company in Russia, has produced 15.75 million metric tons of steel. While Evraz produced approximately 13.6 million metric tons. Mechel is Russia’s top producer of speciality steels and alloys with the widest product range and is Russia’s second-largest manufacturer of long rolls.
The country has more than 20 steel plants, most of which are based on electric and blast furnaces. Roughly two-thirds of steel produced in Russia is obtained using the basic oxygen furnace. Russia is the fourth-leading exporting market of steel and steel scrap worldwide. The total value of iron and steel exports from the country reached approximately 16 billion U.S. dollars. Semi-finished and flat product exports were the highest, at nearly 5.05 billion and 4.15 billion U.S. dollars respectively.
4. United States of America :-
Around 72 million metric tons of steel was produced in the United States. Today, the U.S. steel industry comprises approximately 100 supply and production facilities. Around 149,000 people were employed in iron and steel mills, and 69,000 in foundries. About 0.3% of the US population is employed by the steel industry. The U.S. steel industry produced a projected 91 billion U.S. dollars in 2020. Most iron and steel in the United States is now made from iron and steel scrap, rather than iron ore. Electric arc furnaces were the most popular, amounting to 70 per cent of the total steel production.
The highest geographic concentration of mills is in the Great Lakes region, including Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Michigan, and New York. Around 51 companies operating in the raw steel production market in the country. Major steel-makers in the United States are ArcelorMittal USA, AK Steel, Carpenter Technology, Commercial Metals Company, Nucor, Steel Dynamics, and U.S. Steel. One of the largest steel producers in the United States is the North Carolina-based Nucor Corporation. Nucor produced around 25.49 million metric tons of crude steel.
3. Japan :-
Approximately 99 million tons of crude steel were produced in Japan. Japan is among the leading regions worldwide producing crude steel, accounting for around 5.4 per cent of the global crude steel production volume. The Japanese steel industry has a total capacity of 130 Mtpy. The steel industry produces iron and steel products from ore and scrap iron. Around 4,048 companies are operating in the Japanese iron and steel industry. Nippon Steel is Japan’s largest producer accounting for more than 50% of the country’s crude steel output.
The steel industry operates rolling mills, blast furnaces and other industrial facilities. Of the overall crude steel output, 75% of its steel production comes from the basic oxygen furnace route. Conventional blast furnaces contributed 5.83 million mt. While Electric arc furnaces accounted for 2.21 million mt. The Japanese steel industry is highly dependent on exports. Japan is the world’s second-largest steel exporter after China. Japan is more reliant on exports with a net export ratio of 25%.
2. India :-
India is currently the world’s 2nd largest producer of crude steel, producing 111 million tonnes of crude steel. India is also the 2nd largest consumer of finished steel following China. The iron and steel industry in India is among the most important industries within the country. The industry produced 82.68 million tons of total finished steel and 9.7 million tons of raw iron. Most iron and steel in India is produced from iron ore. There are more than 50 iron and steel industries in India.
The production of crude steel and finished steel stood a 102.49 MT and 94.66 MT, respectively. India was the world’s second-largest producer of crude steel, with an output of 9.8 MT. The growth in the Indian steel sector has been driven by the domestic availability of raw materials such as iron ore and cost-effective labour. The steel sector has been a major contributor to India’s manufacturing output. The Indian steel industry is modern with state-of-the-art steel mills.
1. China :-
China is the world's largest producer of steel with a crude steel production volume of nearly 996 million metric tons and it is also the world's largest consumer of the material. The steel industry in China has been propelled by the rapid modernisation of its economy, construction, infrastructure and manufacturing industries. Chinese steel output is largely located along its North Eastern seacoast.
China currently has 24 steel companies that have crude steel production capacity surpassing 10 million mt/year. Around six of the world’s largest steel companies were Chinese, some of them are government-owned, and China accounted for 51.3 per cent of global steel production. Shagang's crude steel capacity is estimated to be over 44 million mt/year. Anshan Iron & Steel is the second-largest steelmaker in China and the third-largest globally with its crude steel capacity of over 55 million mt/year.
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